% \iffalse % mcite.dtx - multiple citations on one key
% Copyright (C) 1994 by Thorsten.Ohl@Physik.TH-Darmstadt.de
% $Header: /home/sources/ohl/tex/thotex/mcite/mcite.dtx,v 1.6 1996/01/01 23:52:29 ohl Exp $
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% Mcite is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
% under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 
% the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
% any later version.
%
% Mcite is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
% WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the 
% GNU General Public License for more details.
%
% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
% along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
% Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
%
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%
% \fi
%
%% \CheckSum{212}
%% \CharacterTable
%%  {Upper-case    \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
%%   Lower-case    \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
%%   Digits        \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
%%   Exclamation   \!     Double quote  \"     Hash (number) \#
%%   Dollar        \$     Percent       \%     Ampersand     \&
%%   Acute accent  \'     Left paren    \(     Right paren   \)
%%   Asterisk      \*     Plus          \+     Comma         \,
%%   Minus         \-     Point         \.     Solidus       \/
%%   Colon         \:     Semicolon     \;     Less than     \<
%%   Equals        \=     Greater than  \>     Question mark \?
%%   Commercial at \@     Left bracket  \[     Backslash     \\
%%   Right bracket \]     Circumflex    \^     Underscore    \_
%%   Grave accent  \`     Left brace    \{     Vertical bar  \|
%%   Right brace   \}     Tilde         \~}
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%
% \MakeShortVerb{\|}
%
% \title{%
%   \MCITE/: \\
%   Multiple Citations on One Key}
%
% \author{%
%   Thorsten Ohl\thanks{e-mail:
%     \texttt{Thorsten.Ohl@Physik.TH-Darmstadt.de}}\\
%   \hfil \\
%   Technische Hochschule Darmstadt \\
%   Schlo\ss gartenstr. 9 \\
%   D-64289 Darmstadt \\
%   Germany}
%
% \maketitle
%
% \begin{abstract}
%   This \LaTeXe{} package provides support for collapsing multiple
%   citations into one, as custumoary in physics journals.
% \end{abstract}
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \tableofcontents
% \unitlength=1mm
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \section{Introduction}
%
% Imagine we want to refer to the standard
% model~\cite{Glashow,*Salam,*Weinberg} of particle physics.  Instead
% of the standard \BibTeX{}~\cite{btxdoc,*btxhak} format
% \begin{itemize}
%   \bitem{1} Sheldon Glashow. Partial symmetries of weak interactions.
%     {\em Nucl.~Phys.}, 22:579, 1961.
%   \bitem{2} Abdus Salam. Weak and electromagnetic interactions.
%     In W.~Svartholm, editor, {\em Elementary Particle Theory}, page 367,
%     Stockholm, 1968. Almquist and Wiksell.
%   \bitem{3} Steven Weinberg.  A model of leptons.
%     {\em Phys.~Rev.~Lett.}, 19:1264, 1967.
% \end{itemize}
% it is customary in physics journals to collapse such references into one
% \begin{itemize}
%   \bitem{1} Sheldon Glashow, Nucl.~Phys.~\textbf{22} (1961) 579; 
%     Abdus Salam, in: W.~Svartholm (ed.), \textit{Elementary
%     Particle Theory}, p.~367, Stockholm, 1968;
%     Steven Weinberg, Phys.~Rev.~Lett.~\textbf{19} (1967) 1264.
% \end{itemize}
% The slight typographyical changes are easily taken care of by
% changing the \BibTeX{} style, i.e.~by using |phaip.bst|.  The hard
% part is to convince \BibTeX{} to collapse the entries.  \MCITE/
% takes care of that.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\cite}
% This package overloads the \LaTeX{}~\cite{latex,*latex-companion}
% |\cite| command.  All keys starting with a |*| (which should be
% sufficiently unlikely in a \BibTeX{} key) will be added to the
% previous item.  For example the following
% reference~\cite{texbook,latex,*latex-companion,Glashow,*Salam,*Weinberg}
% was created by
% |\cite{texbook,latex,*latex-companion,Glashow,*Salam,*Weinberg}|.
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \subsection*{Hacking the \BibTeX{} Style}
%
% With the standard \BibTeX{} styles, it is almost impossible to
% provide proper punctuation (i.e.~``|;|'' between collapsed items).
% In principle one could play tricks with an active ``|.|'', but there
% are too many special cases in real life \BibTeX{} entries that can go
% wrong.  Fortunately, it is fairly easy to customize \BibTeX{} styles
% for our purposes.
%
% Almost all \BibTeX{} styles known to (wo)mankind contain a function
% \begin{verbatim}
% FUNCTION {fin.entry}
% { add.period$
%   write$
%   newline$
% }
% \end{verbatim}
% removing the |add.period$| and escaping the |newline$| with |\relax|
% will take care of the paragraph breaks and allow \MCITE/ to provide
% the proper punctuation:
% \begin{verbatim}
% FUNCTION {fin.entry}
% { write$
%   "\relax" write$
%   newline$
%   "\relax" write$
% }
% \end{verbatim}
% Note that |%| would be almost as good as |\relax| but the latter
% also works if the |\catcode| of |%| has been changed.
%
% In the function |begin.bib|, the |\begin{thebibliography}| should be
% replaced by |\begin{mcbibliography}|.  Similary, in |end.bib| the
% |\end{thebibliography}| by |\end{mcbibliography}|.  The
% |mcbibliography| environment will inform \MCITE/ that it has to
% provide the punctuation.
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \subsection*{Bugs and Deficiencies}
%
% The following bugs and deficiencies are known:
% \begin{enumerate}
%   \item{} \MCITE/ only works with unsorted bibliography styles.
%     Without modifications to \BibTeX, it seems impossible to support
%     sorted bibliography styles.
%   \item{} \MCITE/'s |\cite| is less forgiving about bogus spaces.
%     This can be fixed.
% \end{enumerate}
%
% \StopEventually{}
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \section{Implementation}
%
% It's is good practice to identify this version of this package.
% We do this by parsing an RCS |Id| string and storing the
% result in the conventional \TeX{} control sequences:
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*package>
\def\fileversion{v0.04}
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
{\def\RCS#1#2\endRCS{%
  \ifx$#1%
    \@RCS $#2 \endRCS
  \else
    \@RCS $*: #1#2$ \endRCS
  \fi}%
 \def\@RCS $#1: #2,v #3 #4 #5 #6$ \endRCS{%
   \gdef\filename{#2}%
   \gdef\filerevision{v#3}%
   \gdef\filedate{#4}%
   \gdef\docdate{#4}}%
\RCS $Id: mcite.dtx,v 1.6 1996/01/01 23:52:29 ohl Exp $ \endRCS}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% And now the standard procedure:
%    \begin{macrocode}
\ProvidesPackage{mcite}[\filedate\space multiple citations]
\typeout{Package: `mcite'
   \fileversion\space <\filedate> (tho) PRELIMINARY TEST RELEASE}
\wlog{English documentation \@spaces<\docdate> (tho)}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \subsection{Collecting Information}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@enamedef#1{\expandafter\edef\csname #1\endcsname}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\mc@single#1{\global\@enamedef{mc*sg*#1}{}}
\def\mc@head#1#2{\global\@enamedef{mc*hd*#1}{#2}}
\def\mc@tail#1#2{\global\@enamedef{mc*tl*#1}{#2}}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\mc@ifsingle#1#2#3{\@ifundefined{mc*sg*#1}{#3}{#2}}
\def\mc@ifhead#1#2#3{\@ifundefined{mc*hd*#1}{#3}{#2}}
\def\mc@iftail#1#2#3{\@ifundefined{mc*tl*#1}{#3}{#2}}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\mc@thehead#1{\@nameuse{mc*tl*#1}}
\def\mc@thetail#1{\@nameuse{mc*hd*#1}}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{\mcite}
% We are overloading the original |\cite| command such that
% |\cite{latex,*latex-companion,texbook}| will give
% ``\cite{latex,*latex-companion,texbook}''.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\orig@cite\cite
\def\mcite{%
  \@ifnextchar[%
    {\PackageWarning{mcite}%
       {optional argument to \protect\cite\space not supported}%
     \@tempswatrue
     \expandafter\mc@citex\mc@gobbleopt}%
    {\@tempswatrue
     \mc@cite}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% Gobble up all optional arguments
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\mc@gobbleopt[#1]{}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \begin{macro}{\cite}
% \changes{v0.04}{1996/01/01}{%
%   Better coexistence with \texttt{cite.sty}: overload
%   later, \texttt{AtBeginDocument}.}
% If we postpone the overloading of |\cite| until the
% |\begin{document}|, we can coexist with |cite.sty|.  If we were to
% do it now, we would have to demand that |cite.sty| is loaded
% \emph{before} |mcite.sty|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\AtBeginDocument{\let\cite\mcite}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\mc@cite}
% First of all: expand the argument: 
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\mc@cite#1{%
  \edef\mc@temp{#1}%
  \expandafter\mc@cite@\expandafter{\mc@temp}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% Here we do the actual ``preprocessing'' of the |\cite| keys.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\mc@cite@#1{%
  \mc@firsttrue
  \@for\mc@@@:=#1\do{%
%    \end{macrocode}
% It the key starts with a |*|, mark it as tail.  Otherwise mark it as
% head.
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \expandafter\mc@ifstar\mc@@@\sentinel%
      {\ifmc@first
         \PackageWarning{mcite}%
           {tail `\mc@key' appears as first item in \protect\cite}%
         \mc@dohead
       \else
         \mc@dotail
       \fi}%
      {\mc@dohead}%
%    \end{macrocode}
% Write a |\citation| command to the |.aux| file in any case.  This
% gives some duplication but keeps things in order.
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \if@filesw
      \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\mc@key}}%
    \fi}%
  \expandafter\orig@cite\expandafter{\mc@list}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\mc@dohead{%
  \mc@iftail{\mc@key}%
    {\PackageWarning{mcite}%
       {head `\mc@key' already used as tail of `\mc@thehead{\mc@key}'}}%
    {}%
  \mc@head{\mc@key}{}%
  \edef\mc@curhead{\mc@key}%
  \ifmc@first
    \mc@firstfalse
    \edef\mc@list{\mc@key}%
  \else
    \edef\mc@list{\mc@list,\mc@key}%
  \fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\mc@dotail{%
  \mc@ifhead{\mc@key}%
    {\PackageWarning{mcite}%
       {tail `\mc@key' already used as head}}%
    {}%
  \mc@tail{\mc@key}{\mc@curhead}}
%    \end{macrocode}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\mc@ifstar#1#2\sentinel#3#4{%
  \ifx*#1%
    \def\mc@key{#2}%
    #3%
  \else
    \def\mc@key{#1#2}%
    #4%
  \fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifmc@first
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \subsection{Producing the Output}
%
% The simplest approach is to just drop the |\@bibitem| if we're
% processing a continuation (it is just an |\item| with associated
% |.aux| file action):
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\orig@bibitem\@bibitem
\def\@bibitem#1{%
%    \end{macrocode}
% If the \BibTeX{} style supports \MCITE/, we have to provide
% punctuation ourselves.
%    \begin{macrocode}
  \ifmc@bstsupport
    \mc@iftail{#1}%
      {;\space\ignorespaces}%
      {\ifmc@first\else.\fi\orig@bibitem{#1}}
    \mc@firstfalse
  \else
    \mc@iftail{#1}%
      {\ignorespaces}%
      {\orig@bibitem{#1}}%
  \fi}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\newif\ifmc@bstsupport
\mc@bstsupportfalse
%    \end{macrocode}
% We can't handle |\bibitem|s with an optional argument; tell the user.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{%
  \PackageError{mcite}%
    {You can't use the optional argument of \protect\bibitem}%
    {Hey, *I* have to fool around with the labels!}%
  \@bibitem{#2}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% The |mcbibliography| environment instructs \MCITE/ to provide its
% own punctuation.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\mcbibliography{%
  \mc@bstsupporttrue
  \mc@firsttrue
  \thebibliography}
\def\endmcbibliography{%
  .%
  \endthebibliography}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% That's it!
%    \begin{macrocode}
%</package>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \Finale
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \bibliography{mcite}
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \PrintIndex
% \PrintChanges
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \appendix
% \section{Driver File}
%
% In general we will of course format this documentation with itself.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*driver>
\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{doc}
\usepackage{mcite}
\EnableCrossrefs
\RecordChanges
\CodelineIndex
\makeatletter
\def\bitem#1{\item[\@biblabel{#1}]}
\makeatother
\def\MCITE/{\texttt{mcite}}
\DoNotIndex{\\,\advance,\baselineskip,\batchmode,\begin,\catcode,\char}
\DoNotIndex{\CodelineIndex,\csname,\def,\divide,\docdate,\DocInput}
\DoNotIndex{\documentclass,\else,\emph,\EnableCrossrefs,\end,\endcsname}
\DoNotIndex{\errmessage,\errorstopmode,\expandafter,\fbox,\fi,\filedate}
\DoNotIndex{\filename,\fileversion,\font,\fontencoding,\fontfamily}
\DoNotIndex{\fontseries,\fontshape,\fontsize,\gdef,\goodbreak,\hfil}
\DoNotIndex{\hoffset,\hskip,\ifcase,\ifx,\InputIfFileExists,\item,\let}
\DoNotIndex{\line,\LoadClass,\makebox,\mbox,\multiply,\NeedsTeXFormat}
\DoNotIndex{\newdimen,\newenvironment,\newif,\nobreak,\normalfont}
\DoNotIndex{\normalsize,\nullfont,\or,\oval,\pagestyle,\par,\parbox}
\DoNotIndex{\parindent,\parskip,\PassOptionsToClass,\ProcessOptions}
\DoNotIndex{\ProvidesClass,\put,\quad,\raisebox,\RecordChanges,\relax,\rule}
\DoNotIndex{\selectfont,\space,\ss,\texttt,\textwidth,\the,\thispagestyle}
\DoNotIndex{\topmargin,\usepackage,\voffset,\vskip,\vspace,\wlog}
\begin{document}
  \bibliographystyle{unsrt}%%%{physics}
  \DocInput{mcite.dtx}
\end{document}
%</driver>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \section{Copying}
% \label{sec:GPL}
%
% \MCITE/ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
% under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 
% the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
% any later version.
%
% \MCITE/ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
% \emph{without any warranty}; without even the implied warranty of
% \emph{merchantability} or \emph{fitness for a particular purpose}.
% See the GNU General Public License for more details.
%
% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
% along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
% Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\endinput
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